What is the primary cause of hangnails?

The primary cause of hangnails is dry skin or cuticles. Hangnails occur when the skin around the nails becomes dehydrated and loses its elasticity, leading to cracks or splits in the cuticle area. This dryness often results from environmental factors, such as cold weather or frequent handwashing, which can strip away natural moisture. When the skin surrounding the nail is dry, it is more prone to tearing, causing hangnails.

In contrast, while excessive moisture can sometimes lead to skin issues, it typically causes maceration rather than hangnails. Infection is a separate condition that can affect the area around the nails but is not directly responsible for the formation of hangnails. Hardening of the nail does not contribute to the development of hangnails either, as it primarily affects the nail plate rather than the surrounding skin. Understanding the role of skin hydration is crucial for prevention and proper care of nails and cuticles, reinforcing the importance of maintaining moisture to avoid hangnails.